Device for effecting controlled variations of geometrical forms and other shapes



1955 s w. c. ANDREWS ET AL 2,714,254

DEVICE FOR EFFECTING CONTROLLED VARIATIONS OF GEOMETRICAL FORMS AND OTHER SHAPES Filed Sept. 10, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet l Aug. 2, 1955 s w c, ANDREWS r AL 2,714,254

DEVICE FOR EFFECTING CONTROLLED VARIATIONS OF GEOMETRICAL FORMS AND OTHER SHAPES Filed Sept. 10; 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 g- 2, 1955 s. w. c. ANDREWS ET AL 2,714,254

DEVICE FOR EFFECTING CONTROLLED VARIATIONS OF GEOMETRICAL FORMS AND OTHER SHAPES Filed Sept. 10, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Aug. 2, 1955 s. w. c. ND ws- ET AL 2,714,254

DE E FOR EFFE NG o TROLL VARIATIONS GEOMETRICAL FORMS AND OT R SHAPES Filed Sept. 10, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 United States Patent DEVICE FOR EFFECTING 'CQNTROLLED VARIA- TIONS OF GEOMETRICAL FORMS AND OTHER :SHAPES Stanley William Charles Andrews and James Henry D y M e atn J n tion, England, a sig Pr cision Grinding Limited, Mitcham Junction, England Application September 10, 19.5.1, .:Se.ria N0 2 C m p i r y, appl a on G ea Brit in September 15,1950

3 Claims. ,(cr. 33-23 This invention relates to ,a device for controlled variation of geometrical forms and other shapes and capable of being used either independently or as a controlling attachment in conjunction with a pantographic copying machine.

Pantographic copying machines are known-which trans ferdelineations froman image or matrix on to the workpiece by means of a lever system which ensures a true reproduction of the master design at a .given reduced or increasedratio in two or three dimensions.

h device a ng o the p e ent in en io is i d d t 'b nse d e ee h ma rix or-the ik a the tool and is ap d to mpar te theatter. byth prosi o app p a tachme ts eit e directly o ro gh he pahto aph o the soarin meehi e. mov me wh c wil ef e t a y'ef t foll n esu ts;

1- Cehve t a vertieal tim me one inclined at any des ed a s As mple o p a tical applica i n o such a nver n m y be ment oned; Produ t on .of a ital letter f om a u r gh r ve t al o e, a para elo am om a squa e, 91.3. in lin d ellips from a ru ci cle- 2. Len gthen or shorten designs horizontally. As examples of practical applications may be mentioned: conversion of asnuare la e a rectangl or a true circle int an ellipse.

3. Reproductions in three dimensions of the conversions referred to above under land 2.

The invention consists -in--a copying device capable of i effecting cont-rolled variations of geometrical foi rns and other shapes comprising: a base to which the image or matrix to he reproduced is secured; -a first carriage slidi-ngly mounted along the base; a stylus carrying second carriage mounted on and mosjing h riage and being capable of sliding transversely to it in a direction across the base; a top slide mounted on and moving with the stylus carrying second carriage, being capable of sliding thereon and therewith along the base, and carrying the reproducing tool; an attachment capable of converting vertical into inclined lines; an attachment for lengthening designs; an attachment for shortening designs; and an attachment for reproductions in three dimensions.

The invention also consists in the copying devices hereinafter described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figures 1 and 1b are a plan view and a side elevation respectively of a device in which the vertical lines of a design are converted into inclined lines, Figure showing one example of such conversion;

Figures 2 and 3 and 2b and 3b are plan views and side elevations respectively of the device showing it respectively applied to the shortening and lengthening of designs horizontally, Figures 2a and 3a being examples of such conversion; and

Figure 4 is an elevation of thedevice applied to three dimensional reproductions.

Referring to Figure 1, showing the invention applied to reproduction by inclined distortion, 1 is a base to which the image .or matrix to be reproduced is secured, which base may be .a component of the device if the latter is constructed as a self-contained unit or be constituted by a machine table if the device is intended to be used as an auxiliary attachment. '2 is a first transverse carriage mounted on the base 1 in such a manner as to be capable of sliding along it. 3 is a second carriage carrying a stylus 3' by means of a bracket 3", which second carriage is mounted on the carriage 2 and par-takes of its movements along the base, and is capable of sliding transversely of the direction of movement of the first carriage 2. 4 is ,a top slide mounted on the stylus carrying second carriage 3 and partaking of the movements thereof, and adapted to slide thereon and therewith along the base 1 carrying the matrix, the said top slide carrying the reproducing tool of the copying machine, which tool is attached by means of a suitable adaptor at 17. 5 is an adjustable bar, pivoted on .the first carriage 2 at 5 and adapted to be adjusted thereon in any desired inclination to act as a guide for the sliding movement of the top slide 4. Atriangular member 4 is pivotally attached underneath the top slide 4 and carries three rollers 4 between which the bar 5 is located to serve as a guide for the movement of the top slide 4.

This arrangement ensures that when the stylus 3 carried by the second carriage 3 is moved across the base, following :a vertical line in the'master design, :the top slide 4 ;eontrolling the movement of the copying tool is caused by the inclined bar 5 to follow an inclined path, thereby causing the yertical line on the matrix to be reproduced as an inclined one. Figure la shows the reproduction of an inclined ellipse from a true circle.

for the pu po e f effe ting s o ti by elong tion Q ue en n the h i ntal e t t iu g 'bar 5i e hhe tet ahdas s wnin Figur s 2 and 3.a-l 6 i tp lvotally ;connected through atop slide 8, hereinafter re e red t o a slide 7 and a slide 7a, which is int g al w t. the slide and ar a ge to slide up and'down in an exte sion is o th ba 1.:th slid 7 and --7.a beingat right ang es to each o her. The slid 7 fi ing between guides '.s.e =ves a asu de t he carriag 8 by means of non, ee edte the iag fizth eugh th sl d s '9 and l l which re-he e nafte t efe zre zto, ahd-whiehlike th slidealare the said first cars id h e enzth le er..- The lev r ;.6, wh c may consist of two r91 fiqlmh il t ge her at asuitable distance from one another by means of end-pieces 6', carries three slides, two of which are adapted to be adjusted in the longitudinal direction thereof relatively to the point of its connection to the said top slide 7. The first slide 8, serving as a pivot of the lever 6, is mounted towards one end thereof and is pivotally connected with the slides 7 and 7a; the second slide 9 is mounted between the said first slide 8, which acts as a pivot of the lever, and the slide 4 which carries the copying tool by means of a suitable adaptor 17 and the third slide 10 is mounted on the part of the lever near its opposite end. The adaptor 17 is secured to the slide 4 and the lever 6 pivots thereon through the member 17' attached to the lever. The second and third slides 9 and 10 are adapted to be alternatively connected to the tool supporting carriage 3 in such a manner as to follow all its movements whilst the connections are able to turn therein in a set position. For the purpose of lengthening, the slide 9 is set on the second carriage 3 whilst lever 6 is free to slide through it, the slide 10 being free to float. For the purpose of shortening, the slide 10 is set on the second carriage 3 whilst the lever 6 is free to slide through it, the slide 9 being free to float.

This arrangement enables the width of the design intended to be reproduced to be either shortened or lengthened by connecting either the third or the second slide, or 9, to the stylus supporting carriage 3, as shown in Figures 2a and 3a respectively.

The attachment just described may also be used for effecting the distortion of the design in the direction of height by simply securing the master image or matrix to the base 1 in a position displaced through an angle of 90.

According to the present invention, the device may be modified to be suitable for three dimensional work, by causing the tool and the stylus of the machine to rise or drop when the master design is in relief. This arrangement is shown in Figure 4.

In this case a bracket 18 is attached to the stylus supporting carriage 3, in substitution for the bracket 3", which bracket 18 is provided with a guide for a vertically moving slide 19, to which the stylus 20 following the master design is attached and which carries a horizontally moving slide 21 moving in guideways provided therein. The slide 21 is in vertical sliding engagement with a vertical guide 19' which is mounted in the adaptor 17 serving as a pivot for the lever 6. The slide 21 has attached to it a rod 22 carrying the reproducing tool (not shown), and fitted by means of a socket in the centre of the slide 21.

With such an arrangement, when the operator causes the stylus to follow a matrix in relief, the stylus is able freely to rise and fall according to the profile of the matrix, and the reproducing tool is compelled to follow such vertical movements. This movement of the reproducing tool in a third dimension is carried out by the attachment in addition to the movements in the other two dimensions as above described.

The details for carrying the invention into effect may be modified without departing from its scope.

What is claimed is: 1

1. A copying device capable of effecting controlle variations of geometrical forms and other shapes comprising: an elongated base to which the image or matrix to be reproduced is secured; a first carriage capable of sliding along the said base; guiding means on the base for the said first carriage; a stylus-carrying second carriage mounted on and capable of moving with the said first carriage along the base and being also capable of sliding V at right angles to the said sliding along the base; guiding means on the first carriage for the sliding movement of the second carriage at right angles to the movement of the first carriage along said base; a top slide mounted on the second carriage and being capable of sliding thereon in the direction of movement of said first carriage and movable with said second carriage in its direction of move ment; an adaptor carried by the said top slide for the reception of a reproducing tool; a disconnectable bar pivoted to the first carriage in any desired inclination and means on the said top slide in guiding engagement with the bar, whereby during copying vertical lines of the image or matrix are converted into inclined lines.

2. A copying device as claimed in claim 1 in which the base has an extension at right angles to it, and the second carriage an extension disposed over the said extension of the base, the device further comprising two slides fixed at right angles to each other and slidably mounted respectively on the said extensions of the base and second carriage and capable of allowing the sliding movement of the second carriage both transversely to the base and along it; a lever disposed above the second carriage and pivoted to the said top slide carrying the, adaptor; and three slides carried by the lever, the first one of which is mounted near the top end of the lever and is pivotally connected with the said two slides fixed at right angles to each other and respectively mounted on the said extensions of the base and second carriage, the second one is mounted between the said first slide and the pivotal connection with the top slide on the second carriage, and the third slide is mounted near the opposite end of the lever, the second and the third slides being adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the lever; and means for connecting the second or the third slide to the lever and to the second carriage as required, the second carriage being provided with longitudinal slots for the passage of these connecting means, whereby the designs to be copied may be lengthened or shortened.

3. A copying device as claimed in claim 2 adapted to effect controlled variations in three dimensions and including a first bracket attached to the second carriage, a second bracket carrying a stylus mounted on said first bracket, vertical guiding means on said first bracket for said second bracket, a slide mounted on the second bracket for horizontal movement thereon, a vertical guide mounted on the top slide through said adaptor and along which the slide on the second bracket is vertically movable, the horizontal slide being adapted to receive the reproducing tool.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 201,111 Hartford Mar. 12, 1878 1,142,585 Lane June 8, 1915 1,199,585 MacKenzie Sept. 26, 1916 1,413,065 Sanborn Apr. 18, 1922 1,977,140 Pecher Oct. 16, 1934 1,998,499 Foster et al Apr. 23, 1935 FOREIGN PATENTS 334,420 France Oct. 21, 1903 

